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Flu shots are a duty or right. What are the required vaccinations for employees of educational institutions

To ensure the health and life of educators, the Ministry of Health of Russia issued a series of decrees on measures to prevent infectious diseases. The main important method of prevention is vaccination. Its terms are regulated by the national schedule of vaccinations. What are the required vaccinations for workers educational institutions, including kindergarten   and is it possible to refuse vaccination? Let's look at these questions.

The legal basis of compulsory vaccination of educators.Vaccination of education workers is carried out on the basis of decrees of the government of the Russian Federation and decrees of the Ministry of Health.

  1. The Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated March 21, 2014 No. 125-H, states the national vaccination schedule. According to the order, all educators must be vaccinated against infectious diseases, as they are at high risk of infection due to the large number of contacts.
  2. Federal Law of 17.09.1998 No. 157 “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases”. According to this decree, all employees of education must undergo compulsory vaccination against infections, if they have no contraindications.
  3. Federal Law No. 323 of November 21, 2011 on the protection of the health of the Russian population. It states that each employee must give consent to the vaccination, if he has no contraindications.
  4. The Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 825, published on July 15, 1999, published a list of works related to the risk of infection. The list includes work in all types of educational institutions. Under this decree, educators are subject to compulsory vaccination against a number of infections.
  5. According to the decree of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 257, every citizen has the right to vaccination. Immunization of workers in the education system is paid and is carried out by the employer in the framework of the vaccination schedule. Vaccination is carried out in state, municipal or private medical institutions.

Is it possible to refuse vaccination

Focusing on the Federal Law, issued on September 17, 1998 under Article 5, an educator may refuse vaccination and medical intervention. However, the same law speaks of the consequences of failure.

  1. Lack of vaccinations among teachers can serve as a reason for dismissal or refusal to hire.
  2. Lack of vaccinations will be the reason for refusal in admission to the educational, as well as health-improving institution.
  3. If there are no calendar vaccinations, education specialists will not be able to travel to foreign countries. In addition to compulsory vaccinations of the government, some countries require additional entry for epidemic indications.

According to the labor legislation, the head of the educational institution who provided the work is administratively responsible for the sanitary and epidemiological status of the educational institution. If a teacher who has not been immunized has become infected with an infection and has infected children and other employees with it, then he and the head of the institution can be brought to justice. And even if an education worker did not infect anyone, and he didn’t get sick himself, during the next check it may turn out that he didn’t take any vaccinations. In this case, the punishment of the employee and his employer will be qualified for violation of health, labor and sanitary-epidemiological legislation decrees. But after the vaccination passed, the education worker will be reinstated.

Vaccination rights

Vaccinations are done free of charge at the expense of the state or employer of private organizations.

Before vaccination, education staff, if necessary, have the right to a medical examination, and on the day of vaccination - for a medical examination. Vaccination is not done if the examination or exacerbation of chronic diseases.

If the teacher cannot be vaccinated due to contraindications, he must write a written refusal with a justification of the medical challenge. The list of available contraindications is contained in the resolution of the Chief Sanitary Doctor of July 10, 2008. The refusal is signed by the employee and the doctor, and provided to the head of the clinic or the head of the institution.

If after vaccination complications or a disability have occurred, then the program of state guarantees will provide free medical care, as well as state compensation in the minimum amount. In some cases, a supplement to the pension is provided.

Vaccinations, mandatory for educators

Teachers and educators belong to a decreed contingent that is particularly at risk of infection. The list of mandatory vaccinations for educators is as follows.

  1. Mandatory for educators is the annual flu vaccine.
  2. Every 10 years there is a revaccination for diphtheria and tetanus.
  3. Measles vaccination is given to education staff under the age of 35. But only if they have not had measles, have not been previously vaccinated or do not have information about it.
  4. Rubella vaccination is done to women under the age of 25, if they have not had rubella, have not been vaccinated against it, or do not have information about it.
  5. Immunization against hepatitis B is subject to education workers aged 18 to 55 years old, if they have not had hepatitis before and have not been vaccinated against it.
  6. Vaccination against hepatitis A and dysentery Zonne is also done for workers in preschool education. The same vaccinations are made, including employees of the kindergarten and closed institutions (children's homes, boarding schools).
  7. According to epidemic indications, vaccinations are carried out with the threat or outbreak of poliomyelitis infections, shigellosis.

What vaccines are used for education workers

Immunization of employees in the field of education is carried out with vaccines provided for by the Russian Vaccination Calendar.

  1. For vaccination against influenza, Russian vaccines Grippol and Grippol Plus are used. Alternative vaccines can also be used: Vaxigrip or Influvac.
  2. For vaccination against measles according to the vaccination schedule, Russian ZhKV (live measles vaccine) is used. Vaccination is done once for workers who have not had measles and who have not been vaccinated before.
  3. For the prevention of rubella used live attenuated vaccine against rubella. In addition, the associated American MMR vaccine and the English Priorix are used for measles and rubella.
  4. Vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus to education workers is vaccinated with ADS-M 1 time in 10 years.
  5. Vaccine Kombiteh, Endzheriks B and GEP-A + B-in-VAK is used for immunization against hepatitis B.
  6. Havriks 1440 manufactured by Great Britain and the Russian GEP-A-in-VAK are used for vaccination against hepatitis A.
  7. For the prevention of dysentery Zonne used vaccine "Shigelvak."

Summing up, we recall the main points. For educators, vaccinations are required and necessary. Immunization is free of charge at the expense of the state or employer. You can refuse vaccination, but this entails undesirable consequences. Vaccines are given with minimal vaccines. side effects, but if complications develop, medical assistance is provided at the expense of the state.

Risk factors for the work process and vaccination of the adult working population

According to the Federal Service Rospotrebnadzor, working conditions are becoming one of the main risk factors for the formation of professional and professionally determined pathology. The problem of reducing the level of occupational morbidity was also considered at the Government Commission for the Protection of Citizens' Health, where Rospotrebnadzor’s proposals on the need to move to a system for assessing and managing occupational risks were adopted.
  To the greatest extent, the problems of the influence of labor conditions on health status are characteristic of 35 subjects of the Russian Federation, mainly in the Northwestern, Central, Volga, Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts with a high proportion of the population working in the industrial sector of the economy. Workers of a number of enterprises for the extraction of minerals, metallurgy, mechanical engineering and shipbuilding, for the production of building materials, construction industry, agriculture, transport, on which the most unfavorable working conditions are registered. .
  In order to preserve the health of millions of people and save labor resources, it is necessary to minimize the influence of labor factors on workers. And the main role here is played by vaccination, able to protect against severe and often fatal infectious diseases.
The state program “Development of Healthcare in the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2020” has been developed to reduce morbidity and mortality. This is planned to be achieved through prevention and healthy way   development of high-quality and affordable medical care, improving the efficiency of primary health care and reducing the burden on the hospital.
The organization of immunoprophylaxis of children and adults in the Russian Federation is regulated by federal law No. 157-ФЗ dated September 17, 1998 “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases”, the National Calendar of Vaccines and Vaccines for Epidemic Indications, Sanitary-Epidemiological Rules and Guidelines.
Children's vaccination programs have led to great success in reducing infectious morbidity. The high coverage of infants and older children with routine vaccinations suggests that today the majority of childhood diseases preventable with vaccination are rarely or not recorded at all. However, in immunization of adults, this success was not achieved. Of course, it is extremely important to protect children from diseases, and adults (including some doctors), often well aware of the vaccines that their children need, are completely unaware that this is important for them.

  • age (due to age a person becomes susceptible to the development of a serious infection, for example, with influenza and pneumococcal infection);
  • professional activities (in connection with the work performed, a person becomes susceptible to the development of a serious infection or can become a source of infection for many people, for example, if he is a health worker, teacher, employee of a water utility, food production or catering, etc.);
  • health conditions;
  • vaccination history (previously vaccinated or not);
  • epidemic situation in a region or country.

When planning vaccination for adults, the medical professional also takes into account vaccination received by a person in childhood (according to the vaccination schedule for children, Table 1) and completion of the initiated vaccination course in childhood or adolescence. A part of the adult population may not be vaccinated at all in childhood, since vaccination against some infections was not performed at that time. In addition, post-vaccination immunity may decline over time.

Table 1

National calendar of preventive vaccinations in the Russian Federation for children 0-18 years old [adapted from 3]

At birth First year of life Second year of life 6-7 years 14-18 years old
Tuberculosis +
Hepatitis B + +
Pneumococcal infection + +
Hib infection + +
Diphtheria, tetanus + + + +
Whooping cough + +
Polio + + +
Measles, rubella, parotitis + +
Flu + annually from the age of 6 months

table 2

Vaccination adults? 18 years old [adapted from 3.4]:

NATIONAL CALENDAR
Prophylactic vaccinations

Against flu

Annually without age limit

Against diphtheria and tetanus

 Every 10 years without age limit
Against rubella Girls and women under 25 years old (inclusive), if not previously ill, have not been vaccinated or do not have information about vaccinations
Against measles Up to 35 years (inclusive)
   if you have not previously been ill, have not been vaccinated, or do not have information about vaccinations
Against Hepatitis B Up to 55 years
CALENDAR OF PREVENTIVE DRIVING
ON EPIDEMIC INDICATIONS
Against viral hepatitis A

Those who live in regions with unfavorable incidence of hepatitis A, as well as persons exposed to occupational risk of infection (health workers, public service workers employed in food industry, serving water and sewage facilities, equipment and networks).

Traveling to disadvantaged countries (regions), where an outbreak of hepatitis A is recorded. Contact persons in the foci of hepatitis A.
Against tick-borne viral encephalitis

Living in areas endemic for tick-borne viral encephalitis; Persons traveling to territories endemic for tick-borne viral encephalitis, as well as those arriving in these territories who perform the following work:

  • agricultural, irrigation and drainage, construction, excavation and movement of the soil, procurement, field, geological, exploration, expeditionary, deratization and disinsection;
  • on logging, clearing and improvement of the forest, recreation and recreation areas.
Against meningococcal infection

In the foci of meningococcal infection caused by meningococcal serogroups A or C.

Vaccination is carried out in endemic regions, as well as in the case of an epidemic caused by meningococci of serogroups A or C.

Persons to be called up for military service.
Against pneumococcal infection

Adults from risk groups, including persons to be called up for military service.
Against chickenpox

Adults from risk groups, including those subject to military service, have not previously been vaccinated and have not had chickenpox.

The national preventive vaccination calendar has been developed for the entire country and is funded by the state budget of the Russian Federation.

The national preventive vaccination calendar has been developed for the entire country and is funded by the state budget of the Russian Federation. In addition, in some regions of the Russian Federation, local vaccination programs have been adopted, where, due to epidemic indications, certain groups of children and adults can be immunized at the expense of regional budgets. For example, against tick-borne encephalitis, hepatitis A, pneumococcal infection with 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine, against chickenpox, rotavirus infection, papilloma virus (HPV), acellular pertussis vaccine.

Immunization according to the National immunization schedule of the Russian Federation is carried out on the order of a physician immunobiological drugsregistered in Russia, according to the instructions for use.

If the terms of vaccination are violated, medical workers conduct it according to the schedules prescribed by the National Calendar of vaccinations, in accordance with the instructions for use of drugs. At the same time, vaccines are allowed (except vaccines for the prevention of tuberculosis) on the same day with different syringes in different parts of the body.

Vaccine prevention for adults

Flu vaccine

Influenza has a negative impact not only on the health of each individual and the whole nation, but also on the country's economy, especially when it comes to epidemics. According to the Federal Service Rospotrebnadzor, in 2014, ORVI had been ill with about 20% of the population of the Russian Federation.

Table 3.

The economic significance of infectious diseases registered in the Russian Federation in 2014

Every year, more than 25 million cases of acute respiratory infections and influenza are recorded in Russia, which, of course, affect the work ability of workers, leading to an average of 3-7 days of absence. Influenza also reduces labor productivity in those who continue to work during the period of illness or come to work sick. Employees themselves, while on sick leave, lose part of their wages and are forced to buy medicines. That is why vaccination not only becomes an extremely important way to protect health, but also saves on treatment.

Vaccinated against influenza is possible from the age of six months, in the absence of contraindications. The scheme of vaccination and the presence of contraindications in each case is determined by the doctor.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that high-priority influenza vaccination be given to adults at risk who are at increased risk of exposure to the influenza virus, as well as those who are at particular risk of developing a serious illness, i.e. disease leading to hospitalization or death.

In accordance with the National Preventive Vaccination Calendar, influenza vaccine is supplied from the federal budget to vaccinate the following risk groups:

    children from 6 months old, students in grades 1-11;

    enrolled in professional educational organizations and educational institutions of higher education;

    adults working in certain professions and positions (employees of medical and educational organizations, transport, utilities);

    pregnant women;

    persons over 60;

    persons to be called up for military service;

    persons with chronic diseases, including lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders and obesity.

For annual vaccination of adults against influenza, inactivated vaccines and, less frequently, live attenuated vaccines are most often used.

Both types of vaccines contain three virus strains of current season (two A and one B). In the United States and Western Europe, tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccines containing the antigens of two influenza A viruses and two influenza B viruses have already been used.

Inactivated vaccines can not cause the flu even theoretically, since they do not contain the influenza virus, but only the immunogenic particles of the killed virus. In accordance with the instructions for use, the frequent expected reaction to the introduction of an inactivated flu vaccine is pain at the site of administration, less often a slight rise in temperature or malaise. Inactivated split (split) and subunit vaccines have similar side effects, as shown by a meta-analysis of the immunogenicity and safety of various types of influenza vaccines published in 2011.

Health workers can start immunization against influenza as soon as the vaccine becomes available in the fall. A doctor may consider the possibility of vaccination and throughout the flu season, if a person has not had time to take root. In addition, it is important to note that outbreaks of influenza from April to September are recorded in many countries of the world, except Russia, therefore the vaccine can be used in travelers who missed the vaccination in the fall and winter. In this case, the doctor may consider vaccination against influenza at the same time as vaccination against other diseases, for example, vaccination against pneumococcal infections, if there is evidence for it.

The results of influenza vaccination programs in foreign countries in the working population showed a decrease in the incidence of influenza-like infections vaccinated compared with non-vaccinated influenza-like infections, loss of working time and number of visits to the doctor. Immunization in the workplace is the third most common vaccination site for influenza in the United States.

Vaccination against pneumococcal infection

Respiratory tract infections are also closely related to professional activities. At risk of contracting respiratory infections are workers in contact with metal fumes, mineral or other dust, and gaseous substances. Also a risk factor is smoking, which, along with adverse working conditions, can cause chronic respiratory diseases, as well as acute respiratory infections.

Contamination of the working area with aerosol particles makes a significant contribution to the spread and development of, for example, pneumococcal pneumonia, both in individual cases and outbreaks. A significant increase in the incidence of pneumonia was first described by welders, and then by workers in other professions exposed to metal fumes — working in furnaces, casters, molders, stirrers, rollers.

The first pneumococcal vaccine was used to protect industrial workers in 1911. A monovalent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine was introduced during an outbreak of pneumonia in gold miners in South Africa. Then the drug was modernized, and he traveled from a 6-valent vaccine in the 40s to a 23-valent vaccine licensed in 1983. The 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (23-PPV) contains the antigens of purified capsular polysaccharides 23, the most common serotypes of pneumococci.

A polysaccharide polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine may be recommended by a physician, primarily for specific immunoprophylaxis for risk groups and reducing mortality from pneumococcal infections.

To prevent community-acquired pneumonia, the Federal Service for Rospotrebnadzor of the Russian Federation recommends that medical workers conduct routine immunization of the population against influenza, as well as pneumococcal infection, according to epidemic indications and in risk groups.

Medical experts note that among adults aged 19–64 years, the following categories (risk groups) are most susceptible to the development of severe PIs:

    patients with chronic lung diseases (COPD, pulmonary emphysema, etc.) and the cardiovascular system (ischemic heart disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, etc.) are primarily hospitalized in the first place;

    diabetic patients;

    patients with bronchial asthma;

    persons with chronic liver diseases (including cirrhosis);

    persons who are in special conditions or special social institutions, or organized groups;

    patients with cerebrospinal fluid leakage;

    people with functional or anatomical asplenia (including sickle cell anemia and splenectomy);

    immunocompromised patients (including those with hematological and hematologic diseases, nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure, HIV-infected).


The Cochrane meta-analysis * of 2013 (18 randomized controlled trials, including 64852 participants; 7 non-random observational studies, including 62 294 participants) confirmed the effectiveness of a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23-PPV) in relation to invasive pneumococcal infections ** adults, including the young, which was 74% (95% CI 56-86%)

For example, since 2012, the UK immunization calendar has introduced a recommendation to vaccinate 23-PPV welders who have a high occupational risk of developing pneumococcal infections, especially lobar pneumonia. It was stated that "... a single dose of 23-PPV should be offered to people who have frequent or prolonged professional contact with metal vapors (for example, welders) and have not previously received 23-PPV." International Guidelines for Medicine and Diagnostics Merck Manual Textbook includes recommendations for vaccination against influenza and pneumococcal disease in the prevention of pneumoconiosis associated with the extraction of coal, silicosis, and asbestosis.

Pneumococcal vaccines are inactivated (killed).

Health professionals may consider immunizing against pneumococcal infection throughout the year. If you plan to organize a vaccination program against influenza and pneumococcal infection, it is possible to administer these vaccines simultaneously before the start of the flu season.

In accordance with the instructions for use, health workers can administer 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine at the same time (on the same day) with other vaccines (excluding tuberculosis prevention vaccines) to different parts of the body using different syringes.

Vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus

The primary vaccination complex against diphtheria and tetanus is carried out in early childhood.

Adults should be boosted against diphtheria and tetanus every 10 years to maintain a protective antibody titer.

Individuals aged 25 years and older who have not received revaccination in the past 10 years are subject to routine immunization. Repeated revaccination against diphtheria is carried out every 10 years.

If adults have not previously been vaccinated against diphtheria and have not suffered from diphtheria, then in accordance with the methodological documents, the doctor considers the full course of these vaccinations (2 vaccinations with an interval of 45 days and after 6 - 9 months - revaccination). Subsequent revaccinations are also held every 10 years.

Hepatitis A Vaccination

Viral hepatitis A (infectious jaundice) is widespread in the world. In most middle-income regions, including Eastern Europe, sample surveys of the population showed a mixture of average and low levels   affectedness. In these regions, where a significant proportion of adolescents and adults are susceptible to infection, the hepatitis A virus can circulate, often manifested in the form of outbreaks. Preliminary WHO estimates suggest an increase in the incidence of acute hepatitis A globally. The increased number of cases, according to calculations, was noted in the age groups of 2-14 years and over 30 years *

The fecal-oral mechanism of the spread of this virus is manifested in transmission through food and water, which carries the risk of infecting large numbers of people. Therefore, hepatitis A vaccination is considered as the most important measure to protect the population from this infection.

The position of the World Health Organization provides for the need for routine vaccination of children in the regions of medium endemicity for hepatitis A, together with additional vaccination of risk groups, and in regions of low endemicity - vaccination of risk groups (especially those leaving for regions and countries of high and medium endemicity). For example, immunization against hepatitis A is recommended in the United States to all individuals traveling to Russia.

The Russian Federation belongs to the countries of average endemicity for hepatitis A. In 2014, the incidence rate of viral hepatitis A exceeded the average Russian level from 1.5 to 8.6 times in 6 subjects of the Russian Federation: the Komi Republic, the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Republic of Khakassia, the Sverdlovsk Region, the Republic of Dagestan, the Nizhny Novgorod Region, mainly due to the outbreak of disease .

According to the Federal Service of Rospotrebnadzor, the outbreak of GA incidence remains significant throughout the country; in 2014, 42 outbreaks were recorded, in 2013 - 31 outbreaks. In a number of regions, the leading role in shaping the level of long-term dynamics of seasonal incidence of HA belongs to the water factor. The problem for many constituent entities of the Russian Federation is the operation of outdated and worn-out sewage treatment plants, which contributes to the active discharge into the reservoirs of non-treated wastewater. .

  • medical professionals;
  • educators and staff of preschool organizations;
  • public service workers employed in catering, water supply and sewage facilities, equipment and networks;
  • traveling to regions and countries unfavorable for hepatitis A;
  • contact points for epidemic indications;

Guidelines of the Federal Service Rospotrebnadzor

The guidelines of the Federal Service for Rospotrebnadzor also recommend that medical workers administer vaccination against HA to the following contingents:

Servicemen of units that are or are conducting military operations in areas with poor sanitary conditions or unguaranteed water supply;

Persons with chronic liver diseases or an increased risk of liver diseases (persons with chronic viral hepatitis; chronic carriers of hepatitis B, C and D viruses; with chronic alcohol, autoimmune, toxic, drug and other genesis hepatitis; individuals with Wilson-Konovalov disease, hepatosis and hepatopathies, etc.);

Patients with blood disorders and persons on hemodialysis;

Persons with behavioral risk of contracting HA (men who have sex with other men; sex workers; people who inject drugs; patients at drug treatment clinics);

HIV-infected when they are detected.

The most important of the entire list are professional risk groups due to their contact with a large number of people.

The vaccine against HA is inactivated (killed); it cannot cause an infection. If indicated, the doctor may consider vaccination of adults against hepatitis A without age limit, the course consists of two vaccinations in the deltoid muscle of the shoulder with an interval of 6-18 months in accordance with the instructions for use of a particular drug.

Hepatitis B Vaccination

The adult population accounted for 98.6% of the total number of cases of acute hepatitis B (AHB). In order to further prevent the spread of hepatitis B in the Russian Federation and reduce the incidence of acute forms of the disease to a sporadic level, it is necessary to continue vaccination of children and adults in the framework of the national preventive vaccination calendar.

People from risk groups, for example, who have close household contact with patients with HBV, and above all with patients with chronic forms of HBV, including virus carriers, can recommend a vaccination complex consisting of 4 vaccinations according to the scheme of 0-2-12 months. where 0 is the day the vaccination starts.

The primary vaccination complex against hepatitis B (HB) for people not at risk consists of 3 vaccinations according to the scheme of 0-1-6 months.

The vaccine does not contain the whole hepatitis B virus, but part of its outer shell, which cannot even cause hepatitis theoretically, but can only cause the formation of an immune response to them.

Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis

The problem of tick-borne infections continues to be relevant for most constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The expansion of vector ranges, as well as the discovery of new pathogens that can exist together in one tick and cause a mixed infection, make it necessary to pay close attention to this problem.

The main source of economic losses associated with the spread of these diseases is the retirement of the labor force due to disability and mortality, as a result of which production is expected to decline in the future under other equal conditions. The largest share of the burden falls on deferred non-medical costs, in the structure of economic losses - on tick-borne viral encephalitis (EHE). The cost of the cost per patient KVE according to calculated data is about 400 thousand rubles. .

Fatal outcomes are still associated with a late request for medical help, late diagnosis, lack of vaccination and specific immunization against KVE. .

Vaccination can be carried out by health workers all year round if a person lives or travels to endemic KVE territories. Those vaccinated against KVE are those who have received a full course of vaccination and one or more revaccination. In case of violation of the course of vaccination (absence of a documented full course), the doctor may recommend a serological test of blood for post-vaccination immunity; when detecting antibodies to the CE (IgG) virus in a protective titer (1: 100 or more) in the serum, the doctor decides whether to continue the course of vaccination; in the absence of a protective antibody titer in a previously vaccinated or inability to conduct these studies, the doctor considers the possibility of vaccination at the primary rate.

Measles vaccine

According to the Federal Service of Rospotrebnadzor, in 2014, an epidemic rise in measles continued. Compared with last year, the incidence increased by 2 times. In connection with active migration processes operating in the territory of Russia, as well as insufficient immunization of certain epidemiologically significant groups of the population, further complication of the situation with measles is possible, accompanied by the emergence of group outbreaks. .

Measles vaccination is recommended to be done in childhood, moreover twice and without further revaccination. If an adult has not been vaccinated against measles in childhood or has received only one vaccination, the National Vaccination Calendar of the Russian Federation recommends routine vaccination for people under 35 years of age. Due to the high incidence of measles in adults, by decision of the Collegium of Rospotrebnadzor dated July 25, 2014 No. 6 “On measures to prevent the spread of measles in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation”, the vaccination age for measles can be increased to 55 years.

Measles vaccines are live attenuated, a medical professional injects them in accordance with the instructions for use.

Unvaccinated and non-measles measles, as well as not having documentation on vaccination, it is recommended to administer two measles vaccines, once vaccinated and minor measles — one. The minimum interval between the first and second measles vaccine in the case of “catch-up vaccination” can be three months.

Sanitary-epidemiological rules for measles immunization, according to epidemic indications, provide guidance to medical professionals about who should be vaccinated. These are persons who had been in contact with a patient (if a disease was suspected), had not previously had measles, were not vaccinated, had no knowledge of measles vaccinations, and persons who were vaccinated against measles once - without age limit. Immunization against measles according to epidemic indications is carried out by medical workers for the first 72 hours from the moment the patient is identified. When expanding the boundaries of the focus of measles (at the place of work, study, within the district, settlement), the terms of vaccination can be extended by the doctor to seven days from the moment the first patient is identified in the outbreak.

Rubella vaccination is given to girls and women under 25 who have not been vaccinated against rubella in childhood or have received only one vaccination.

Vaccination against chickenpox is regulated for adults in the Russian Federation according to epidemic indications and consists of two vaccinations. In 2014, 6% of cases of chicken pox were reported in adults. In the last decade, the tendency of infection to emerge has been revealed, which is manifested in an increase in the proportion of adults among the diseased, an increase in the intensive rates of morbidity in the adult population, as well as the registration of epidemic outbreaks of infection in groups of adults.

Contraindications for vaccination

Contraindications to vaccination (temporary and permanent) are regulated by the guidance documents of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Federal Service of Rospotrebnadzor of the Russian Federation, as well as instructions for the use of immunopreparations, their presence is determined by the doctor (medical assistant) during the survey and examination of the person before vaccination.

Table 4

List of medical contraindications for prophylactic vaccinations (adapted from 34)

Vaccine

Contraindications

All vaccines

Strong reaction or post-vaccination complication to previous administration.

All live vaccines, including oral live polio vaccine (OPV)

Immunodeficiency (primary)

Immunosuppression

Malignant neoplasms

Pregnancy

Live measles vaccine (ZhKV), live parotitis vaccine (ZHPV), rubella, and also combined di- and trivaccines (measles-parotitis, measles-rubella-parotitis)

Severe allergic reactions to aminoglycosides

Anaphylactic reactions to egg white (except rubella vaccine)

Hepatitis B Vaccine Vaccine

Allergic reaction to baker's yeast

Vaccines ADS-M, AD-M

Permanent contraindications, except

referred to in clause 1 do not have

Note

Acute infectious and non-infectious diseases, as well as the exacerbation of chronic diseases are temporary contraindications for vaccination. Routine vaccinations are given 2–4 weeks after recovery, or during recovery or remission. With mild acute respiratory viral infections, acute intestinal diseases, etc. vaccinations are carried out immediately after normalization of temperature

Vaccination waivers

Citizens have the right to refuse vaccination in writing, this is enshrined in Article 5 of the Federal Law of September 17, 1998 N157-ФЗ “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases”. However, the lack of preventive vaccinations has quite a few consequences:

Prohibiting citizens from entering countries where a stay in which, in accordance with international health regulations or international treaties of the Russian Federation, requires specific preventive vaccinations;

Temporary refusal to admit citizens to educational and health institutions in the event of mass infectious diseases or the threat of epidemics;

Refusal to accept citizens for work or to exclude citizens from work that is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases.

The list of works, the implementation of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations, is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 15, 1999 No. 825:

1. Agricultural, irrigation and drainage, construction and other works on excavation and movement of soil, harvesting, field, geological, survey, expeditionary, deratization and disinsection works in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals.

2. Work on logging, clearing and improvement of the forest, recreation and recreation areas in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals.

3. Work in organizations for the procurement, storage, processing of raw materials and animal products obtained from farms disadvantaged by infections common to humans and animals.

4. Work on the harvesting, storage and processing of agricultural products in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals.

5. Works for the slaughter of livestock sick with infections common to humans and animals, the harvesting and processing of meat and meat products obtained from it.

6. Works related to the care of animals and the maintenance of livestock facilities in livestock farms unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals.

7. Works on catching and keeping of street animals.

8. Maintenance of sewers, equipment and networks.

9. Work with patients with infectious diseases.

10. Work with live cultures of pathogens of infectious diseases.

11. Works with human blood and body fluids.

12. Works in all types and types of educational institutions.

Reference books

1. State report "On the state of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population in the Russian Federation in 2014"

2. A.G. Chuchalin, T.N. Bilichenko, M.P. Kostinov et al. Vaccine prevention of respiratory diseases in the framework of primary health care to the population. Clinical guidelines. Pulmonology 2015; 25 (2). application

3. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation from 21.03. 2014 N 125n "On approval of the national calendar of preventive vaccinations and the calendar of preventive vaccinations for epidemic indications."

4. T.N. Bilichenko, M.P. Kostinov, N.A.Rosslaya. Vaccine prevention of respiratory infections and other diseases in the working population. National preventive vaccination calendar 2014. Occupational medicine and industrial ecology. 2014; 10: pp. 1-7.

6. Keech M, Beardsworth P. on review of the literature. Pharmacoeconomics. 2008; 6 (11): 911-24.

7. Influenza activity: United States and worldwide. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR. September 19, 2008; 57 (38): 1046-9.

8. Morales A, Martinez MM, Tasset-Tisseau A, et al. Colombian company perspective. Value Health. 2004; 7 (4): 433-41.

9. Keech M, Scott AJ, Ryan PJ. The impact of influenza and influenza-like activity in a working population. Occup Med (Lond). 1998; 48 (2): 85-90.

10. Influenza vaccines: WHO position paper. Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin. 23.11. 2012; 47: 461-476.

11. Prevention and Control of Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2013–2014. MMWR 2013; 62 (RR07): 1-43.

12. Beyer, W. et al. Immunogenicity and safety of influenza vaccines in populations: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2011; 29: 5785– 5792

13. Lu PJ et al. National vaccine vaccination among adult populations - United States, 2011–12 influenza season. Vaccine. 2014; 32 (26): 3198-204.

14. Esposito AL. Pulmonary infections acquired in the workplace. A review of occupation-associated pneumonia. Clin Chest Med. 1992; 13 (2): 355-65.

15. Coggon D, Inskip H, Winter P, Pannett B. Lobar pneumonia: an occupational disease in welders. Lancet. 1994; 344: 41–43.

16. Palmer KT et al. Mortality from infectious pneumonia in metal workers: a comparison with deaths and asthma inhalations exposed to respiratory sensitizers. Thorax. 2009; 64: 983-986.

17. Fedson DS, Musher DM. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. In: Vaccines (6th Edition). Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Offit PA (Eds). Saunders, PA USA. 2013: 542-572.

18. Prevention of community-acquired pneumonia. Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules SP 3.1.2.3116-13.

19. WHO position on pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin. 2008; 83 (42): 373–384.

20. Immunization with a polysaccharide polyvalent vaccine for the prevention of pneumococcal infection. Guidelines. The Federal Service of Rospotrebnadzor No. 01 / 816-8-34 dated February 8, 2008.

21. Updated Recommendations for the Prevention of Pneumococcal Disease Among Adults Using the 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPSV23). Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. 2010; 59 (34): 1102–1106.

22. Moberley SA et al. Vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in adult. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2013 Jan 31; 1: CD000422

23. Immunization against infectious disease. The Green Book. UK Department of Health; Chapter 25, Pneumococcal infection; p.306.

25. A. G. Chuchalin, A. I. Sinopalnikov, R. S. Kozlov et al. Russian Respiratory Society (RRO) Interregional Association for Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (IACMAC). Clinical recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of severe community-acquired pneumonia in adults .. Pulmonology. 2014; 4: 13-48.

26. Instructions for use of the drug for medical use Pneumo 23 of 02/18/14, Order No. 011092-180214.

27. Tactics of immunization of the adult population against diphtheria. Guidelines MU 3.3.1252-03. Approved Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation 30.03.2003

28. WHO position paper on hepatitis A vaccines. Weekly epidemiological bulletin. 2012; 87 (28-29): 261-276.

30. Jacobsen KH, Koopman JS. Declining hepatitis A seroprevalence: a global review and analysis. Epidemiol Infect. 2004 Dec; 132 (6): 1005-22.

31. Epidemiological surveillance and prevention of viral hepatitis A. Guidelines MU 3.1.2837-11 (approved by the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare January 28, 2011).

32. Prevention of tick-borne encephalitis. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of the joint venture 3.1.3.2352-08 (as amended by Amendments No. 1, approved by the Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 20.12.2013 N 69).

33. Prevention of measles, rubella and mumps. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of the joint venture 3.1.2952-11.

34. Medical contraindications for prophylactic vaccination with drugs of the national immunization schedule. Guidelines MU 3.3.1.1095-02 Rospotrebnadzor RF.

* Critical evaluation, analysis and synthesis of research results on a special strict systematized methodology of international specialists Cochrane cooperation.

** Invasive pneumococcal infections - a condition where the causative agent of the bacterium pneumococcus is present in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid or other normally sterile tissues of the body (for example, pneumococcal sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia with bacteremia).

List of regulatory documents regulating vaccination in adults in the Russian Federation (as of 01/01/2015)

1. Federal law of March 30, 1999 N 52-ФЗ “On the sanitary-epidemiological well-being of the population”.

2. Federal Law of September 17, 1998 N 157-ФЗ “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases”.

3. Government Decree of August 2, 1999 N 885 "On approval of the list of post-vaccination complications caused by prophylactic vaccines included in the national calendar of prophylactic vaccinations and prophylactic vaccines for epidemic indications entitling citizens to receive state lump-sum benefits."

4. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 15, 1999 N 825 “On approval of the list of works, the performance of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations.”

5. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of March 21, 2014 No. 125n “On approval of the national preventive vaccination calendar and preventive vaccination calendar for epidemic indications”.

6. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated May 17, 1999 N 174 "On measures to further improve the prevention of tetanus."

7. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of September 17, 1993 N 220 “On measures for the development and improvement of the infectious service in the Russian Federation”.

8. Order of the Federal Service of Rospotrebnadzor of December 27, 2012 N 1198 "On the Establishment of a Scientific and Methodological Center for Immunoprophylaxis of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare."

9. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of SP 3.1.2.3162-14 "Prevention of whooping cough".

11. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of SP 3.1.2.3117-13 "Prevention of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections."

12. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.1.2.3116-13 "Prevention of community-acquired pneumonia".

13. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.1.2.3114-13 "Prevention of tuberculosis."

14. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.1.2.3113-13 "Prevention of tetanus."

15. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.1.2.3109-13 "Prevention of diphtheria."

16. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of SP 3.1.2952-11 “Prevention of measles, rubella and mumps”.

17. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.1.2951-11 "Prevention of poliomyelitis".

18. Sanitary-epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 "Sanitary-epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste."

19. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of the joint venture 3.1.2825-10 "Prevention of viral hepatitis A".

20. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of the joint venture 3.1.7.2627 -10 “Prevention of rabies in humans”.

21. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.3.2367-08 "Organization of immunization of infectious diseases."

22. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of the joint venture 3.1.3.2352-08 “Prevention of tick-borne viral encephalitis”.

23. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.3.2342-08 "Ensuring the safety of immunization."

24. Sanitary and epidemiological rules of the joint venture 3.1.1.2341-08 “Prevention of viral hepatitis B”.

25. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.3.2.1248-03 "Conditions of transportation and storage of medical immunobiological preparations."

26. Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.3.2.1120-02 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions of transportation, storage and release of medical immunobiological preparations used for immunoprophylaxis to citizens, by pharmacies and health care institutions” (as amended on February 18, 2008).

27. Guidelines MU 3.1.2.3047-13 "Epidemiological surveillance of community-acquired pneumonia".

29. Guidelines MU 3.1.3018-12 "Epidemic surveillance of diphtheria."

30. Guidelines MU 3.1.2943-11 "Organization and conduct of serological monitoring of the state of collective immunity to infections, controlled by means of specific prophylaxis (diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, measles, rubella, mumps, polio, hepatitis B)."

31. Guidelines MU 3.1.2837-11 "Epidemiological surveillance and prevention of viral hepatitis A".

33. Guidelines MU 3.1.2792-10 "Epidemic surveillance of hepatitis B".

34. Guidelines MU 3.3.2.2437-09 "The use of thermal indicators to control the temperature of storage and transportation of medical immunobiological preparations in the" Cold Chain ".

35. Guidelines MU 3.1.2436-09 "Epidemiological surveillance of tetanus."

36. Guidelines MU 3.3.2400-08 "Control over the work of treatment-and-prophylactic organizations on issues of immunoprophylaxis of infectious diseases."

37. Guidelines MU 3.1.2313-08 "Requirements for disinfection, destruction and disposal of injection syringes for single use."

39. Methodical recommendations “The order of use, collection, storage, transportation, destruction, disposal (processing) of self-locking (self-terminating) CP-syringes and disposable injection needles” (approved by the Federal Service of Rospotrebnadzor on November 11, 2005 N 0100 / 9856-05 -34)

40. Guidelines MU 3.3.1889-04 "The procedure for conducting preventive vaccinations."

41. Guidelines MU 3.3.1879-04 "Investigation of post-vaccination complications."

42. Guidelines MU 3.3.1878-04 "The cost-effectiveness of vaccine prevention."

43. Guidelines MU 3.3.2.1761-03 "On the procedure for the destruction of unsuitable to the use of vaccines and toxoids".

44. Methodical guidelines MU 3.3.1252-03 “Tactics of immunization of the adult population against diphtheria”.

45. Guidelines MU 3.3.2.1172-02 "The procedure for the provision of state municipal healthcare organizations with medical immunobiological preparations in the framework of nat. vaccination calendar and vaccination calendar for epidemic indications. ”

46. ​​Guidelines MU 3.3.1.1123-02 "Monitoring of post-vaccination complications and their prevention."

47. Methodical guidelines MU 3.3.1.1095-02 "Medical contraindications for prophylactic vaccinations with drugs of the national vaccination calendar."

48. Letter from the Federal Service of Rospotrebnadzor "On the prevention of yellow fever" (information letter is issued annually).

49. A letter from the Federal Service of Rospotrebnadzor “On the list of endemic territories for tick-borne viral encephalitis in 2013” ​​(a newsletter is issued annually).

* WHO position paper on hepatitis A vaccines — July 2012. Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin (WER), 2012; 28-29 (87): 261-276


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43 ready answers

Svetlana

Russia, Belaya Kalitva

11/13/2017 at 13:27

Subject matter: Make inoculate
   I work at school. We are forced to get flu shots.

The Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated March 21, 2014 No. 125-H, states the national vaccination schedule. According to the order, all educators must be vaccinated against infectious diseases, as they are at high risk of infection due to the large number of contacts. Federal Law of 17.09.1998 No. 157 “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases”. According to this decree, all employees of education must undergo compulsory vaccination against infections, if they have no contraindications. Federal Law No. 323 of November 21, 2011 on the protection of the health of the Russian population. It states that each employee must give consent to the vaccination, if he has no contraindications.

Hello, in the event that you have medical contraindications from vaccination, then you have the right not to do it.

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 15, 1999 N 825 "On approval of the list of works whose execution is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations" With changes and amendments dated December 24, 2014. In accordance with the Federal Law " On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases "(Meeting of the Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1998, N 38, art. 4736) The Government of the Russian Federation decides: To approve the attached list of works, the fulfillment of which is associated with high they are at risk of infectious diseases and require mandatory preventive vaccinations. Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation S.Stepashin Moscow July 15, 1999 N 825 A list of works whose performance is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations (approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of July 15, 1999 N 825) With changes and additions from December 24, 2014 1. Agricultural, irrigation and drainage, construction and other works on excavation and movement of the soil, harvesting, field, geological, survey, expeditionary, deratizacio disinsection and disinfestation in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals. 2. Work on logging, clearing and improvement of the forest, recreation and recreation areas in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals. 3. Work in organizations for the procurement, storage, processing of raw materials and animal products obtained from farms disadvantaged by infections common to humans and animals. 4. Work on the harvesting, storage and processing of agricultural products in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals. 5. Works for the slaughter of livestock sick with infections common to humans and animals, the harvesting and processing of meat and meat products obtained from it. 6. Works related to the care of animals and the maintenance of livestock facilities in livestock farms unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals. 7. Works on catching and keeping of street animals. 8. Maintenance of sewers, equipment and networks. 9. Work with patients with infectious diseases. 10. Work with live cultures of pathogens of infectious diseases. 11. Works with human blood and body fluids. Information on changes: Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2014 N 1469 paragraph 12 is amended in the new edition. See the text of the paragraph in the previous edition 12. Works in organizations engaged in educational activities. GARANT system: http://base.garant.ru/12116330/#ixzz4yJJEeJau

Hello Svetlana! You have the right to refuse vaccinations in the manner prescribed by law. At the same time, refusal of vaccinations may entail the removal of you from work.

Federal Law of 17.09.1998 N 157-FZ "On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases" Article 5. Rights and Obligations of Citizens in Immunization Prophylaxis 1. Citizens in immunization have the right to: receive complete and objective information from medical workers about the need for vaccinations, the consequences rejection of them, possible post-vaccination complications; choice of medical organization or individual entrepreneur engaged in medical activities; free prophylactic vaccinations included in the national prophylactic vaccination calendar and the vaccination prophylaxis schedule for epidemic indications, in medical organizations of the state health care system and the municipal health care system; medical examination and, if necessary, medical examination before prophylactic vaccinations, obtaining medical care in medical organizations in the event of post-vaccination complications under the program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens; the paragraph is no longer valid. - Federal Law of August 22, 2004, No. 122-ФЗ; social support in case of post-vaccination complications; refusal of preventive vaccinations.   2. The absence of preventive vaccinations entails: a ban on citizens from traveling to countries whose stay in accordance with international health regulations or international treaties of the Russian Federation requires specific preventive vaccinations; temporary refusal to admit citizens to educational organizations and health institutions in the event of mass infectious diseases or the threat of epidemics; the refusal to accept citizens for work or the removal of citizens from work whose fulfillment is associated with a high risk of contracting infectious diseases. The list of work, the implementation of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations, is established by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation. 3. In the implementation of immunization, citizens are obliged to: follow the instructions of medical workers; in writing to confirm the refusal of preventive vaccinations.

Olga Rostislavovna

Russia, Petrozavodsk

11/09/2017 at 10:59

Subject matter: Make inoculate
Hello. Such a question I pass a driver's commission forced to do a flu shot. Is it legal, and can they not give a certificate without vaccination?

FEDERAL LAW ON IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES of art.5 p.2. The absence of preventive vaccinations entails: a ban on citizens from traveling to countries whose stay in accordance with international health regulations or international treaties of the Russian Federation requires specific preventive vaccinations; temporary refusal to admit citizens to educational organizations and health institutions in the event of mass infectious diseases or the threat of epidemics; the refusal to accept citizens for work or the removal of citizens from work whose fulfillment is associated with a high risk of contracting infectious diseases. The list of work, the implementation of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations, is established by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation. Thus, it is impossible to oblige you to be vaccinated when passing the driver's commission. You have the right to appeal the decision of the commission, to write a complaint to the Department of Health.

Not legal. No one can force you.

Article 10 of the Federal Law "On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation". Consideration and resolution in the prosecution authorities of applications, complaints and other appeals 1. In the prosecution authorities, in accordance with their powers, applications, complaints and other appeals containing information on violation of laws are permitted. The decision made by the prosecutor does not prevent the person from applying for the protection of their rights to the court. A decision on a complaint against a sentence, a decision, a ruling and a court decision may be appealed only to a higher prosecutor. 2. Applications and complaints received by the prosecution authorities, other appeals are considered in the manner and time established by federal law. 3. The response to the statement, complaint and other appeal must be motivated. If the application or complaint is denied, the applicant must be explained the procedure for appealing the decision, as well as the right to go to court, if such is provided for by law. 4. The Prosecutor shall, in accordance with the procedure established by law, take measures to bring to justice the persons who have committed offenses. 5. It is prohibited to forward the complaint to the authority or official whose decisions or actions are appealed.

Russia, Volgograd

11/07/2017 at 10:55

Subject matter: Make inoculate
   Hello. I work with children-coach-teacher. Get flu shots done. My wife is 6 months pregnant. I'm afraid of complications. How to refuse?

Hello, it is your right to vaccinate or not, you can not be forced to force it, especially in this position, this is a voluntary matter. Refuse on the grounds that the Law 3323-F 3 (Article 19 and 20); Law on Immune Prophylaxis of Infectious Diseases (Article 2, Part 11); The law on the prevention of the spread of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation (3rd part 7 of the article).

Russia, Samara

10/31/2017 at 19:06

Subject matter: Make inoculate
   Hello. I work in "SKS" and we are all forced to do a flu shot. Otherwise they will not be allowed to work. Whether on legal grounds. Can I refuse?

Natalia, no one has the right to force you to do something against your will. Moreover, by law, vaccinations are not fixed. That is, there is a calendar, according to which it is necessary to be vaccinated. But, the final decision is yours. No one can make you. If you have any problems, immediately call the health department and complain.

Anastasia

Russia, Penza

10/23/2017 at 7:50 pm

Subject matter: Make inoculate
   Hello. At work, they are forced to be vaccinated against hepatitis B. Can I not be allowed to work if I refuse vaccination? And on what basis?

Anastasia, hello. On the basis of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On Approving the List of Socially Significant Diseases and the List of Diseases that Are Dangerous to Others" N 715 of December 1, 2004, Hepatitis B is classified as a socially significant disease that represents a danger to others. Also on the basis of art. 5. The Federal Law on Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases Measures included in the package of measures for immunoprophylaxis are voluntary. You must make a written waiver of preventive vaccinations that may entail for you.

2. The absence of preventive vaccinations entails: refusal to accept citizens for work or removal of citizens from work,   performance of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases. The list of work, the implementation of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations, is established by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation.
  In other words, the actions of the employer will be legitimate if your work is associated with a high risk of disease.

Anastasia

Russia, Penza

10/23/2017 at 7:37 pm

Subject matter: Make inoculate
Hello. At work they force me to get vaccinated against hepatitis B. Can I be removed from work if I do not want to be vaccinated? Thank.

Russia, Irkutsk

10/19/2017 at 09:32

Subject matter: Disciplinary action
   Hello! I work in preschool. Get flu shots done. I do not want Yana, but there is no medication. Threatened with disciplinary action. What to do? Is this valid? Based on what kind of law?

Russia Moscow

10/17/2017 at 20:49

Subject matter: Make inoculate
   Good evening! I work at McDonald's, the manual forces you to get a flu shot. I do not want to, because I'm afraid of an allergic reaction. Although every year I go through honey. inspection by honey. a little book. Threaten to be suspended from work. Do they have the right? On this?

Hello. According to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, vaccinations are not mandatory. Making you an employer has no right. It also does not have the right to remove you from work due to lack of vaccination.

Federal Law of 17.09.1998 N 157-FZ (as amended on 12/31/2014, as amended on 12/19/2016) “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases” Article 5. Citizens ’Rights and Obligations in Immune Enforcement 1. Citizens are entitled to immunization on: receiving from medical workers complete and objective information about the need for preventive vaccinations, the consequences of abandoning them, possible post-vaccination complications; choice of medical organization or individual entrepreneur engaged in medical activities; free prophylactic vaccinations, included in the national prophylactic vaccination calendar and the vaccination prophylaxis calendar for epidemic indications, in medical organizations of the state health care system and the municipal health care system; medical examination and, if necessary, medical examination before prophylactic vaccinations, obtaining medical care in medical organizations in the event of post-vaccination complications under the program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens; the paragraph is no longer valid. - Federal Law of August 22, 2004, No. 122-ФЗ; (see the text in the previous edition) social support in case of post-vaccination complications; refusal of preventive vaccinations. 2. The absence of preventive vaccinations entails: a ban on citizens from traveling to countries whose stay in accordance with international health regulations or international treaties of the Russian Federation requires specific preventive vaccinations; temporary refusal to admit citizens to educational organizations and health institutions in the event of mass infectious diseases or the threat of epidemics; the refusal to accept citizens for work or the removal of citizens from work whose fulfillment is associated with a high risk of contracting infectious diseases. The list of work, the implementation of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations, is established by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation. 3. In the implementation of immunization, citizens are obliged to: follow the instructions of medical workers; in writing to confirm the refusal of preventive vaccinations.

Good day! According to the List of works, the performance of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations (approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on July 15, 1999 N 825) 1. Agricultural, irrigation and drainage, construction and other works on excavation and movement of soil, harvesting, fieldwork, geological, survey, expeditionary, deratization and disinfection work in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals. 2. Work on logging, clearing and improvement of the forest, recreation and recreation areas in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals. 3. Work in organizations for the procurement, storage, processing of raw materials and animal products obtained from farms disadvantaged by infections common to humans and animals. 4. Work on the harvesting, storage and processing of agricultural products in areas unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals. 5. Works for the slaughter of livestock sick with infections common to humans and animals, the harvesting and processing of meat and meat products obtained from it. 6. Works related to the care of animals and the maintenance of livestock facilities in livestock farms unfavorable for infections common to humans and animals. 7. Works on catching and keeping of street animals. 8. Maintenance of sewers, equipment and networks. 9. Work with patients with infectious diseases. 10. Work with live cultures of pathogens of infectious diseases. 11. Works with blood and biological fluids. 12. Works in organizations engaged in educational activities. It seems your work does not fall into this list. Therefore, you have the right to refuse.

Hello! Catering staff are decreed contingents that are subject to mandatory vaccination against a number of infections. Vaccination as part of the national preventive vaccination calendar (against diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B, measles, rubella, influenza) is free of charge, at the expense of the federal budget. Vaccination against hepatitis A and dysentery, in the absence of a free vaccine, is carried out at the expense of citizens 'personal funds or employers' funds. An employee may not be vaccinated only for medical reasons. Not vaccinated to work are not allowed.

Russia, Aleksandrovsk

12.10.2017 at 15:21

Subject matter: Make inoculate
Hello. I'am a teacher. The school is forced to do a flu shot. How to refuse it legally?

Good day. The Government of the Russian Federation Resolution No. 825 of July 15, 1999 approved a list of activities whose implementation is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations. According to the list, in particular, working without prior immunization for persons working in all types and types of educational institutions is unacceptable. It is possible to refuse only if there are contraindications.

Good day to you. The fact is that it is not advisable for teachers to refuse vaccinations, because teachers are a risk group that interacts daily with a large flow of students. Good luck and all the best.

Irina! You have the right to refuse vaccinations.

Federal Law of 17.09.1998 N 157-FZ (as amended on 12/31/2014, as amended on 12/19/2016) “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases” Article 5. Citizens ’Rights and Obligations in Immune Enforcement 1. Citizens are entitled to immunization on: receiving from medical workers complete and objective information about the need for preventive vaccinations, the consequences of abandoning them, possible post-vaccination complications; choice of medical organization or individual entrepreneur engaged in medical activities; free prophylactic vaccinations, included in the national prophylactic vaccination calendar and the vaccination prophylaxis calendar for epidemic indications, in medical organizations of the state health care system and the municipal health care system; medical examination and, if necessary, medical examination before prophylactic vaccinations, obtaining medical care in medical organizations in the event of post-vaccination complications under the program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens; the paragraph is no longer valid. - Federal Law of August 22, 2004, No. 122-ФЗ; (see the text in the previous edition) social support in case of post-vaccination complications; refusal of preventive vaccinations. 2. The absence of preventive vaccinations entails: a ban on citizens from traveling to countries whose stay in accordance with international health regulations or international treaties of the Russian Federation requires specific preventive vaccinations; temporary refusal to admit citizens to educational organizations and health institutions in the event of mass infectious diseases or the threat of epidemics; the refusal to accept citizens for work or the removal of citizens from work whose fulfillment is associated with a high risk of contracting infectious diseases. The list of work, the implementation of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations, is established by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation. 3. In the implementation of immunization, citizens are obliged to: follow the instructions of medical workers; in writing to confirm the refusal of preventive vaccinations.

Russia, Smolensk

10/12/2017 at 09:38

Subject matter: Make inoculate
I work at school they make me get a flu shot. Is it legal? I have never been vaccinated for flu. The rest of the vaccinations are all done.

Hello! If your work is related with direct communication with children, then it is legal. If not, you can prepare a complaint to the prosecutor's office, you can send it through its website. Specifying specific articles of the law is optional. Circulation is in free form. Attach relevant documents (if available) and evidence to the complaint. The prosecutor's office will conduct an inspection and if the fact of violation of your rights is confirmed, then they will take action.

The Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated March 21, 2014 No. 125-H, states the national vaccination schedule. According to the order, all educators must be vaccinated against infectious diseases, as they are at high risk of infection due to the large number of contacts. Vaccination is not done if during the examination revealed fever or exacerbation of chronic diseases. If the teacher cannot be vaccinated due to contraindications, he must write a written refusal with a justification of the medical challenge. The list of available contraindications is contained in the resolution of the Chief Sanitary Doctor of July 10, 2008. The refusal is signed by the employee and the doctor, and provided to the head of the clinic or the head of the institution.

Hello. According to Art. 19. Clause 5, Clauses 8, Article 20, Clause 1 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On the basis of health protection of citizens of the Russian Federation" citizens have the right to refuse medical intervention, to informed voluntary consent to medical intervention and to refuse medical intervention. A necessary prerequisite for medical intervention is giving the informed voluntary consent of a citizen or his legal representative to medical intervention on the basis of complete information provided by the medical worker in an accessible form about the goals, methods of medical care, the risk associated with them, possible medical interventions, its consequences, and also about the expected results of medical care. You have the right to get acquainted with the certificate and instructions for the vaccine. According to Article 5, paragraph 1 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of September 17, 1998 N 157-ФЗ (as amended on December 31, 2014, as amended on December 12, 2016) "On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases" citizens have the right to refuse prophylactic vaccinations. 2. The absence of preventive vaccinations entails: a ban on citizens from traveling to countries whose stay in accordance with international health regulations or international treaties of the Russian Federation requires specific preventive vaccinations; temporary refusal to admit citizens to educational organizations and health institutions in the event of mass infectious diseases or the threat of epidemics; the refusal to accept citizens for work or the removal of citizens from work whose fulfillment is associated with a high risk of contracting infectious diseases. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 15, 1999 N 825 (ed. December 24, 2014) "On approving the list of works whose fulfillment is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations" In accordance with the Federal Law "On Immune Prophylaxis of Infectious Diseases" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1998, N 38, Art. 4736) approved a list of works, the implementation of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires the mandatory implementation of preventive vaccinations. This list of works includes work in organizations engaged in educational activities (p.12)

Russia, Smolensk

10/12/2017 at 09:34

Subject matter: Make inoculate
   I work at school they make me get a flu shot. They say they will not allow to work. All other vaccinations are done.

Good day! According to paragraph 12 of the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 15, 1999 N 825, work in organizations carrying out educational activities is included in the list of jobs whose performance is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations. Yes, they can be suspended from work, but this is Faith, maybe only temporarily for the period of the epidemic at school for example! I wish you all the best!

Alexander

Russia, Murmansk

10.10.2017 at 08:02

Subject matter: Make inoculate
   Kindergarten keepers are being vaccinated, is it legal?

Russia, Grozny

10/03/2017 at 23:29

Subject matter: Make inoculate
   Goodnight. We are forced to vaccinate children, not only are they forced to repeat vaccinations before the due time, what to do about it? After all, there is a right to refuse. How to proceed? Without them, neither in the kindergarten nor in the school do not take.

Hello! Insist on making vaccinations. No one has the right to do this. It follows from Art. 33 of the Federal Law "Fundamentals of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of public health" and Art. 11 of the Federal Law "On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases". These articles state that a citizen or his representative has the right to refuse any medical intervention. That is, you, as the legal representative of your children, have the full right to refuse vaccinations in accordance with the law. Moreover, the immunization health care providers must inform the parents of their children about their right to refuse vaccinations and explain the consequences of refusing vaccinations. In hospitals, clinics or any other medical institutions, you can write a statement on the refusal of vaccinations for your children. Therefore, re-vaccinations are out of the question. Do not take into the kindergarten or school of your children are also not eligible, unless they are not quarantined. In such cases, you can explain to them your rights and declare their infringement to the relevant authorities, for example, in the district education department. Good luck to you!